ITT

Sunday, May 18, 2014

ITT: Assays for the hormones

To know the levels of the hormones, we check or test them through:

Chemiluminescence Immunoassay for Growth Hormone

Chemiluminescence Immunoaasay has been considered the diagnostic assay for Growth hormone because it has been shown to be more sensitive than the conventional colorimetric methods, and does not require long incubations or the addition of stopping reagents, as is the case in some colorimetric assays.

Principle:
·        Microtiter wells (Solid phase)—Monoclonal anti-HGH Antibody
·  Conjugate solution-- Monoclonal anti-HGH Antibody in the antibody enzyme (Horseradish peroxidase)
      Substrate
·        Serum specimen—HGH (Antigen)

If there is the presence of HGH in the serum, after the addition of the Conjugate enzyme solution, it will bind to the antibody on the well and the conjugate enzyme solution that will result in Sandwiching of the 2 antibodies and the antigen. To remove unbound labelled antibodies, the microtiter wells are being washed after the 1 hour incubation. Then, a solution of chemiluminescent substrate is then added.
     The intensity of the emitting light is directly proportional to the amount of enzyme present and to the antigen present in the sample.

Procedure:
1.       In a microtiter well, dispense a 50 uL of the specimen. Mix thoroughly for 10 seconds.
2.      Dispense 100 uL of the conjugate enzyme solution. Mix thoroughly for 30 seconds.
3.      Incubate for 1 hour.
4.     Remove the incubation mixture by emptying the plate content into a waste container.
5.      Rinse and flick the wells 5 times with washing buffer.
6.     Dispense 100 uL Chemiluminescence Substrate solution into the well. Mix for 5 seconds.
7.      Read wells with a chemiluminescence microwell reader 5 minutes later.

Sensitivity
    0.5 ng/ml

Normal Values
     In most adult subjects at rest, after an overnight fast, the HGH level in serum is 7 ng/ml or less.


Cortisol ELISA


This test is used for the quantitative determination of cortisol in serum.

Principle:
·        Microwell titers—Rabbit anti-cortisol antibody coated
·        Conjugate Solution— Antigen Cortisol with Horseradish peroxidise (enzyme)
·        Substrate
·        Serum specimen—Unlabeled antigen (Cortisol)

This test employs competitive binding assay. Competition occurs between an unlabeled antigen and the enzyme-labelled antigen which is the conjugate. If the Cortisol is present in the specimen, during the 45 minutes incubation, it will compete with the enzyme-labelled antigen for the binding to the antibody on the mirowell. After the washing step, a substrate is being added. The absorbance is measured on the microtiter plate reader. The intensity of the color formed is inversely proportional to the levels of Cortisol in the serum.

Procedure:
1.       Dispense 20 uL of the sample in the microwell plate.
2.      Add 100 uL of the conjugate solution.
3.      Incubate for 45 minutes on room temperature.
4.     Wash the wells 3 times with 300 uL of diluted wash buffer and tap the plate firmly against absorbent paper.
5.      Add 150 uL of substrate.
6.     Incubate for 15-20 minutes.
7.      Read the plate on the reader for 450 nm filter.

Sensitivity:
    0.4 ug/dL

Normal Values;
    3.95-27.23 ug/dL

 References:


       






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